Good materials for second layers include down, polyester and fleece. For my second layer, I like to go for a fleece jacket with zipper vents. This allows me to open up the vents when I get a little too warm, yet still keep me from getting to cold. The final layer should be the element blocker. This layer should be waterproof, as well as windproof, to keep the other layers as dry as possible. The best material for the final layer is Gore-Tex. It protects from wind and water, but is still breathable to allow for the exit of moisture. Find an outer layer that has built in vents. This will allow you to let some air in without having to remove this layer completely.

Keeping your face and head warm is also another important step in staying comfortable while fishing. There are many different options available for headwear, but I like to layer these as well. I have a basic wool beanie and a nylon cap that is lined with synthetic fur. The hat also has flaps that can be folded down over my ears and cheeks to protect from strong winds. For those days that are almost unbearable, I like tothrow on a half wind mask. These are similar to sun masks, but offer protection from the wind and cold. Try to find a wind mask with vents. Gloves are another important part of staying comfortable during fishing. Your gloves will more than likely get wet, so it’s important to find a waterproof pair. There are many different options when it comes to materials. Combining materials will keep your hands warm and dry, but also allow moisture to escape from your hands. Don’t skimp on your gloves! Hand dexterity is very important during fishing and cold fingers will end your day quickly.

The second step to preparing for the cold is to pack accordingly. Most of the items you will be packing will be precautionary, but you will be happy you had them if the time comes to use them. The first items to bring along are an extra set of clothes. At minimum, you want an additional first layer. I keep an additional first layer with me in a backpack and an additional second layer stays in the vehicle. I also bring an extra set of gloves and an extra hat in case something happens to the ones I’m wearing. Handwarmer packets are another great item to have on you. They are cheap, don’t take up much room and actually create a lot of heat. These are great items to put into your pockets to warm up your hands and also to put inside your boots or waders to keep your feet warm. If you get really cold, you can put one inside your hat.

Another item to bring along with you is a blanket. I usually keep this in the vehicle in case of emergencies, but I will carry it with me if I will be walking a good distance. You could even buy a space blanket and keep it in a compartment in your backpack. Space blankets are fairly cheap and can be folded to find into your pocket. The last item I usually pack is a lighter or a ‘flint stick’. Both of these items can be purchases for around a dollar, but they could be the most important item you bring. Although I’ve never had to start a fire, it’s always good to have a fire starter in case you cannot get back to your vehicle to warm up.

Now that you’re prepared for the cold weather, you need to know what todo in case of an emergency. The cold itself can cause hyperthermia pretty quickly, but being wet AND cold can drop your body temperature very rapidly. Knowing what to do in an emergency can be the difference between life and death for you or someone in your party. The first thing you want to do is get the person (or yourself) out and away from the water. Whether this means pulling them back into a boat or simply getting them to the bank, they need to be in a dry environment (or as dry as you can make it).Next, get them out of any and all wet clothes. Even if it’s a sock or a glove – get ALL the wet clothing off. Replace any wet clothing and wrap the person in a blanket. It is also important to try and keep them moving. Simple things like running in place can increase body temperature and keep you warm. If you can’t get to shelter and you or the person is still cold, you may need to start a fire. Find a flat area and clear it of any debris. Collect tree bark, small twigs and branches or dry grass or other small plants to use for tinder. Next, collect some bigger branches or dry fallen wood to use after you get the tinder lit. Set the tinder in a small tight pile and create a pyramid around the tinder with small twigs. Once the tinder and twigs are lit, slowly add larger pieces of wood to keep the fire going. It doesn’t take a big fire to warm someone up – a fire about the size of a coffee can would even be enough. Once the person is warm, get them to shelter as fast as possible. Be sure that the fire is properly put out before leaving the area!

Don’t be afraid to venture out onto the water just because it’s cold. Some of the greatest fishing can be done in the winter. By following these simple steps and knowing what to do in case of an emergency, your trip can be enjoyable and safe.